Questions about France and the French (1)

And also :

What a paradoxical country! Have you ever wondered how France can be the fourth or fifth industrial power in the world when people take to the streets on a regular basis to go on strike? Or why the streets of this country of wondrous monuments and museums are marred by dog poop? Or, speaking of dogs, why there are large signs in restaurants and butcher shops showing that dogs are not allowed, and dogs are in the restaurants and shops anyway? Or why little French children look (and are) so disciplined in school but when "let loose" are so rowdy? Or why, when you try out your French, people look at you like you're crazy? And the question of all questions: WHY DO THE FRENCH LIKE JERRY LEWIS?!

First question : Are The French Clean ?

Read about Turkish toilets.... and visit a site devoted to public street toilets (!) in Paris

Commenting on this famous painting by David, "Marat, the Revolutionary leader stabbed in his bathtub", a humorist (who? I read it's Mark Twain) said "Too bad, for once, a Frenchman was taking a bath"

 

A few questions about France

 Q.

 A.
Are the French anti-American? No, they're pro-French! Seriously speaking, the French are "damned if they do" and "damned if they don't". If they disagree with U.S. policy, they are seen as anti-American. If they agree, they are seen as valets of U.S. imperialists. What a conundrum! Felix Rohatyn, former U.S. ambassador to France said recently : "The anti-Americanism today encompasses not a specific policy like Iranian sanctions but a feeling that globalization has an American face on it and is a danger to the European and French view of society. There is a sense that America is such an extraordinary power that it can crush everything in its way. It is more frustration and anxiety now than plain anti-Americanism." For more : click here.
 Why are the French so cold (or arrogant or distant) ? In the absence of any relationship, silence is neutral (in the street, in an elevator, etc...). Franco-American anthropologist Raymonde Carroll writes: "It is indeed in public places that Americans in France for the first time have the experience, at times amusing, but often unpleasant and even painful of cultural misundrestanding. They feel rejected, disapproved of, criticized or scorned without understanding the reason for this "hostility" and they can only draw one of two conclusions : the French hate Americans" or the French are cold (hostile / unpleasant / arrogant / despicable)"... This is essentially due to the fact that Americans and the French do not attribute the same meaning to verbal exchanges.... together in a limited space ...the French person will recreate distance with silence, the American with conversation..." . For most French, Americans are over-communicative and too familiar and they are always very disappointed to see that this American who was so nice and friendly does not even remember their name. For the French, if you are not a friend, you must be not cold but neutral. If your are socially too friendly with them, they think you are unsincere.... See also Pascal Baudry who gives a psycho-analytical explanation of it and read what Roman authors wrote about the Gauls.
 Are they rude ? One of the best explanations for this was given by Nick Yapp and Michel Syrett in " Xenophobe's Guide to the French " . It's simply a factual matter. The French, they point out, are rude when they want to be. Their rudeness is neither unthinking nor forgetful, they say. They're rude when the occasion warrants it. Are they rude only to innocent foreigners ? Of course not ! " Among friends ", write Yapp and Syrett, " insults are also frequently traded, but with no permanent damage to the relationships. Quite a different case from England and the U.S. where if you get to that level, the friendship is condemned for life ". The point of all this is that if foreigners freak because they detect rudeness, irony, or a slight, they should feel flattered. They're being treated as if they were French !
   More questions ?

 You surely have many more questions such as these about France and the French. Harriet has tried to give an answer to some of them in her books. If you have other questions you'd like to have answered, please contact us. Your question might be selected for our "Question of the month" section! See 50 questions on France (US State Department).
French Quiz

Try to answer these questions and click on each of them to get the right answer (all the answers, and many others, are on that site...) !

1. Who is the employer of professors in public schools and universities ?

  • School boards ?
  • The State
  • Cities and Regions ?

2. The % of Textile, Food, Wine, Water, Alcoholic Beverages, Perfumes and Beauty in the French exports to the USA is :

  • 18%
  • 38%
  • 68%

3. What does it mean when someone asks : do you take the "pont" (bridge) ?

  • Are you going over a river ?
  • Are you making a four-day week end with one day off ?
  • Did you get a raise ?

4. What is the name of the final exam in high schools ?

  • No exam
  • Baccalauréat
  • Abitur

5. The Hunchback of Notre-Dame ("Quasimodo") is a character from

  • Victor Hugo
  • Collodi
  • Walt Disney

6. The Public sector in France employs

  • less than 2 million
  • between 2 and 6 million
  • more than 6 million

7. What is the cost of tuition at Sorbonne for a year?

  • $400
  • $4,000
  • $40,000

8. For the French the "exception culturelle française" (the French cultural exception) means :

  • French culture is more sophisticated than other cultures
  • Cultural goods should not be treated like the other goods
  • The French have something that no other people has

 9. Georges Brassens was :

  • A politician
  • A singer
  • A sculptor

10. How many four-year-old French children attend school ?

  • 32%
  • 48%
  • 98%

11. What is the temperature of boiling water in ° Centigrade ?

  • 100 ° Centigrade
  • 0 ° Centigrade
  • 232 ° Centigrade

12. What is "la Francophonie" ?

  • A computer software to learn French
  • A group of countries where French is an official language
  • The French accent in a foreign language

13. What is a "Grande Ecole" ?

  • A good high school
  • A sort of university
  • A school for very tall people

14. Frequently used acronyms : what is ?

  • SNCF : ..............
  • SMIC : .............
  • RTT : .............

15. Who was Vercingetorix ?

  • A XIXth Century singer ?
  • The leader of the Gauls against Caesar ?
  • A character in a popular comic strip?

16. The " Hundred Year War " against England took place

  • between 1066 and 1166
  • between 1337 to 1453
  • between 1722 and 1812

17. Who invented the smart card ?

  • Steve Jobs (American)
  • Roland Moreno (French)
  • Vladislav Tomasewicz (Polish)

18. Productivity per hour in France, compared to USA=100 is :

  • 103
  • 97
  • 92

 19. The economic ranking of France is :

  • among the first five world economic powers
  • between sixth and 10th
  • between 11th and 15th

20. The national bird of France is :

  • the rooster
  • the sparrow
  • the pigeon

21. In politics, a " liberal " is

  • left wing
  • right wing

and a " radical " is

  • left wing
  • right wing

22. The "pieds-noirs" (black feet) are :

  • Homeless people
  • Former European residents in Algeria
  • Members of the Anarchist movement

23. To read about sports, the French read :

  • L'Express
  • L'Equipe
  • Sports Illustrated

24. Johnny Hallyday is

  • A French rock star
  • An English writer
  • A Belgian soccer star

25. " La rentrée " is :

  • The day kids go back to school
  • The access door to a theater
  • The period of sales

26. A " Comité d'Entreprise " is :

  • The board of directors
  • A worker's association
  • A partnership of companies

27. Who said : "Our armies will bring to the world Liberty and the Rights of Man " ?

  • George W.Bush
  • Napoleon
  • Stalin

28. What was the main cause of the suburban riots in Nov.2005 ?

  • The place of Islam in France
  • Un-employment for unskilled workers
  • Racism in France

29. In WW2, French military losses were :

  • around 10% of US military losses
  • about the same
  • twice bigger

30. Are there volcanoes in France ?

  • Yes
  • No
  • Are you kidding?
 More to come.... (and more questions in US Government's documents)  Read the page "geographical facts about France"  See some of the questions asked to people applying for French citizenship

Why is France different ....

  • According to Time Magazine (April 22, 2002), "France is different because.... it sees itself as different" !
  • Is there a French Art de Vivre ? See some typical French values
  • Harriet Welty wrote "After 20 Years in France, Still Part of the Foreign legion" : read the article.
  • Not so different ? America and France share a universal ambition. Read about this rivalry...
  • See what is making the headlines in France and what's only in France
  • More to come...
  • The French do not like market economy ! According to an international poll, France is the ONLY country, among twenty, where the is a majority of NO to the question " Do you think that the system of free enterprise and market economy is the best for the future ? ". France : Yes=36%, No=50% ; USA : Yes=71%, No=24%. See detailed results. The French think that "control" is better than "market" but they are not alone and this view is largely shared in Europe : see a very illustrative chart about it.
  • Says Robert Rochefort (director of Center of Research for the Study and Observation of the Conditions of Life, Paris) : "There is a certain cultural attitude in France that considers work, money, success and business important only in as much as they contribute to more important things like family, personal happiness and quality of life.That produces resistance to reform, especially when it comes to public services." (see the French and the State).
  • One of the most important differences between the French society and the American society is probably the fact that, by far, France is a much less religious country
  • In a poll, quoted by Time, asked about
    • "what is very important to succeed in life", the French answer : Family life (85%), Love life (78%), Professional life (59%), Friends (55%), Spiritual life (19%)
    • and to the question "a successful life means...", they answer : being happy with what life has given me, both personally and professionally (41,3%), feeling fulfilled in my personal life and limiting the encroachment of work to a strict minimum (27,7%), striking a balance between my ambitions and my ability to achieve them (22,1%), having a successful professional career involving substantial responsibility and income, based on my talent and hard work (8,3%), no opinion (6%).

 USEFUL TIPS.... The French do not value consensus in itself and a French person does not feel uncomfortable when he/she takes a position against everybody else (just consider French foreign policy, and not only during the Irak war...). When you face this situation it is often better not to try to make him/her " be reasonable" and "come half way" etc... : it will only make things worse! This is why there are so many transport strikes and why they are so surprinsingly well-accepted : in 1995, after 3 weeks of transport strikes, when many people had to walk several hours to their workplace, a majority of people still declared they understood the strikers (who, by the way, are relatively well paid and can retire at age 50 or 55). In France, many people feel that, if they agree with you, you fooled them somehow and the safest position is to be alone against everyone else. Many aggressive little dogs have the same vison of life in society... It is important to understand this attitude : the French do not trust their counterparts nd do not believe a win-win solution may exist ; they do not like to compromize (remember : there is no translation for "checks and balances"). Cogan cites Couve de Murville, a French Minister of Foreign Affairs, giving his instructiuons to the French Ambassadors "The important thing in a negociation is to defend one's point of view. An agreement can come as an extra. The objective is not to arrive at a negociated solution : it is to defend one's point of view." And he adds later, about a specific negociation : "For the first quarter of an hour, I presented the position of France. From then, until the twentieth hour, I presented the position of France. At the twentieth hour, I negociated the position of France".

Best possible answers to some good questions

Many questions about France and the French refer to French history : here are a few examples of Over-Simplifying Answers (O.S.A.) to (frequently asked) good questions (G.Q.) :

  • G.Q. Why is France such a bureaucracy ! O.S.A. Just an example to illustrate WHY some aspects of French life are indeed bureaucratic. It is much more complicated to create a company in France than it is in the USA. One of the reasons is that to hire people (or be self employed) you have to comply with French labor rules, one of them being that any person employed MUST be adequately covered against hazards of health, professional life and old age. You are therefore required to go through a rather complicated process with several agencies (Securité Sociale, Urssaf, etc) to benefit from health coverage, retirement plan, unemployement benefit etc.... The French view is that if this coverage was not mandatory, the poorest, the weakest, the most stupid and people lacking foresight would NOT be covered : the responsibility of the society is to expect that some people will not be responsible and must be protected against themselves so they do not die in the poor-house or rely on the the " generosity " of the wealthier. It is the role of the State to ensure it. Conclusion : if creating a company is more complicated, it is not (or not only) because the French are stupid and lazy, it is also because they have a different (not better, not worse : different) vision of life in society. When they learn that 40 million or more Americans do not have health coverage, the French are sincerely horrified (as much as you are when you talk about the French bureaucracy !).
  • G.Q. : Are the French anti-semitic ? O.S.A. : It is a fact that the number of anti-semitic incidents is growing in France (and in Europe). France has the largest Jewish community in the world after Israel and the USA. There are anti-semitic people in France and episodes of French history illustrate it sadly (affaire Dreyfus, Vichy regime). However, Americans should keep in mind two facts when they read the US press : questioning Israeli policy is not synonymous with anti-semitism and when young Arabs write obscene graffitis on a synagogue, it is an exaggeration to write that " the French are anti-semitic " : the Israel-Palestine conflict has enormous repercussions between the Jewish and Arab communities in France. The number of anti-semitic threats or acts has risen from an average of 100 (1995-1999) to 600 (200-2005). There are indeed anti-Semitic acts in France but it is grossly exagerated to say that it is an anti-Semitic country. Here is a recent example : Mr. A., a Tunisian indicted by a Tribunal Correctionnel for swindling and various other charges placed a request to challenge the judge using the argument that she was Jewish and would be prejudiced (Nov. 3, 2003) ; he lost his case, was sentenced to a huge fine (the maximum legal amount) for contempt of court and the State is suing him for anti-Semitism. If the New York Times had reported the story without mentioning the whole story, it could make (another) shocking headline such as " Rise of anti-Semitism in France : in Paris, a defendant challenges his judge because she is Jewish ". Beware of what you read (sometimes) in the US press ! (for example : after a strong condemnation of anti-Semitism by President Chirac, the headline in the International Herald Tribune/New York Times Nov.20, 2003 was "A less-than-full condemnation of anti-Semitism" with nothing in the article to substantiate this depreciating headline). Beware also of what you DON'T read : anything favorable related to the French attitude toward anti-semitism : see an example. One must add that French Muslims have a more favorable attutude toward Jews (71%) than UK Muslims (32%) : see a European comparative study and read my editorial on the bias in the U.S. press.
  • More questions : go to top of the page
  • G.Q. I was in France and everyone was nice to me : how come ? O.S.A. Many Americans believe that France is violently anti-American and that Americans will be ill-treated when in France. Nothing substantiates this prejugé and this question is just irrelevant. Remember that criticizing American policy is not criticizing individual Americans. For this reason, comments like " the last thing the French would want to see is the crowning of a Yank as Tour champ.. " or " There were, for example, few signs of war-related anti-Americanism at the French Open. " (both in Time magazine, July 7, 2003) are just as stupid as saying " I had a cup of coffee with my neighbour and he did not try to kill me ". I receive many messages or questions of this kind (see one) and it is extremely depressing for me that they can even be formulated.
  • G.Q. : Why did France lose the war in 1940 ? O.S.A. : it was the third Franco-German war in 69 years, WW1 had been a massacre (more than 1,3 million French soldiers killed, to compare to 300 000 American soldiers in WW2 on two fronts with a population 5 times bigger : see detailed figures), French governments were corrupt and incompetent, for French leaders the major threat was communism and not fascism, the chiefs of the army were incompetent, their strategy was absurd (building a fortification line, which was bypassed), Germany (80 million) was bigger than France (40 million), etc... Remember Pearl Harbor ? What could have happened if the distance between Japan an the USA, instead of several thousand miles, was a quarter of a mile (this is the distance between France and Germany) ? France was crushed and this led to the shameful Vichy regime. It is a fact that this rapid military defeat was a shock for the whole world but is it fair to make stupid jokes about "Cheese Eating Surrender Monkeys" ? After all Japan and Germany surrendered in 1945 and Fox News does make racist jokes about it... Read : Tuchman or Paxton and see Kubrick's Paths of Glory
  • G.Q. : Why are the French against religious freedom in schools ? O.S.A. : We do not mean the same thing by "religious freedom". For Americans, it means "anybody can have his/her own religious belief and show it". For the French, it means "anybody can have his/her own religious belief and NOT show it", not to offend people who have other religious beliefs or no religious beliefs whatsoever. The recent law on the Islamic veil is to protect this French concept of religious freedom and "laïcité". Read more about religion in France.
  • G.Q. : Why is France so strongly centralized ? O.S.A. : the whole history of France is the building of a state by the monarchy, against powerful local autonomies and cultures (Brittany, Burgundy, Toulouse, etc..) ; the kings and the republic have always been afraid that the country would split and central state persistently reinforced its power, its language, against the rest of the country, its cultures, its languages. Read : Braudel
  • G.Q. : Why aren't the French more grateful for what America did for them ? O.S.A. : Americans are very often upset by this. You must consider that it depends on the generation : for young people, WWII (not to mention WWI) does not mean much. You must also consider that, even grateful, you cannot take into consideration this sort of historical fact in your decisions with no limit in time or in issues (developping a competitor like Airbus or a having a different foreign policy): it is as if the French blamed the USA for not supporting XXIth century French policy because France supported the American Revolution (and actually this was a common thought in XIXth century France : read more and see Roger). Gratitude is no synonym for automatic conformity or subservience (read a 2003-letter to the IHT). Constantly reminding people how proud you are having helped them shows that you think that you have gained a permanent control on them and it can be very counterproductive : read the story of the immortal Monsieur Perrichon and the guide for the GI's by the US Army. American must understand that the French are BOTH grateful and free to think differently, and they have a different vision of true friendship...
  • More to come...

 DID YOU KNOW THAT. ? A key-concept to better understand the French : France and the US have a very different vision of friendship. In France, when you are close to someone, you have to share his/her problems and give your opinion : this is being a good friend. You are committed ! Not giving it would be the sign that you do not care about him/her. This is why the French love very animated conversations in which they strongly disagree between themselves, when Americans try to avoid it to protect friendship. With a friend, you can talk freely and express openly your disagreement : it doesn't affect your friendship. This is why the French are sincerely surprised when Americans say :"You disagreed with our foreign policy : therefore, we are not friends". It is also important to know that for the French, if it is more difficult to create a contact, friendship is expected to last longer ! A common idea in France is that, for Americans, friendship is more superficial than for the French and it is difficult to make an Anerican friend : try to make a French friend !

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For more on intercultural differences, order Harriet Welty Rochefort's books :

  • "French Toast, An American in Paris Celebrates The Maddening Mysteries of the French", St.Martin's Press, New York, 1999
  • "French Fried, The Culinary Capers of An American in Paris", St.Martin's Press, New York, 2001

More on Harriet's books (excerpts, upcoming events, testimonials, etc..)

Together or separately, Harriet and Philippe speak about Intercultural Differences : click here for information.

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